Yellow-eared Bulbul

The Yellow-eared Bulbul (Pycnonotus penicillatus) is an active and distinctive bird endemic to Sri Lanka’s hill country. It is commonly seen at elevations above 1,300 meters, though it can occasionally be found as low as 1,000 meters. Preferring forests, well-wooded areas, gardens, and orchards, it usually moves in pairs but gathers in small groups where food is abundant. This species primarily feeds on insects and fruits, with a particular fondness for the wild yellow raspberry found in its habitat. Its call is a pleasant and recognizable "weet, wit wit, wit wit," often heard while in flight, along with a low "crr, crr" alarm call.

With its striking appearance, the Yellow-eared Bulbul is easy to identify. It has a bright yellow belly, green plumage, and a bold black-and-white head pattern. The yellow tufts behind each eye, white tufts above them, and small white "horns" at the base of the bill further distinguish it from other bulbuls. Breeding takes place mainly from March to May, with a secondary season from August to October. Its nest is more solidly built than those of other bulbuls, constructed from moss and lined with fine ferns and rootlets. It is placed in a small tree or bush at a height of three to five meters. The female lays two eggs, which are white or pale pink with heavy reddish-purple or brown blotches and subtle lavender markings.